Here at our Costa Rican mountain retreat, we know all about the dazzling diversity of birds that call this vibrant country home. But while our lush rainforests and hidden valleys are a haven for colorful toucans and melodic wrens, there’s a whole other world waiting to be discovered beyond the tree line – the world of pelagic birds!
Today, we’re setting our sights on a fascinating seafarer, the Wilson’s storm-petrel (Oceanites oceanicus). Though not a resident of our mountain retreat, this incredible bird graces Costa Rica’s Pacific Coast with its presence, venturing surprisingly far inland at times.
A Tiny Titan of the Open Ocean
Imagine a bird barely bigger than a swallow, at home amidst the wildest storms, flitting effortlessly across vast stretches of ocean. That’s the Wilson’s storm-petrel! This compact powerhouse, measuring just 16-18.5 cm (6.3-7.3 inches) in length, boasts a wingspan of 38-42 cm (15-16.5 inches).
A Glimpse of Dark Brown Elegance
Its plumage is a study in understated elegance. A dark brown body, almost black in certain light, is offset by a stunning white rump and flanks. Keen observers might spot a subtle pale band along the upper wing coverts. Unlike its European cousin, the Wilson’s storm-petrel lacks a distinct white underwing lining.
Masters of the Wind
These storm-petrels are aptly named. They seem to revel in the roughest seas, effortlessly maneuvering through troughs of waves even during gales. Their secret lies in their mastery of wind currents. By expertly adjusting their flight angles and utilizing updrafts, they stay aloft with minimal effort, conserving precious energy for long journeys.
Champions of Long-Distance Travel
Wilson’s storm-petrels are champions of long-distance travel. Believe it or not, these tiny birds hold the record for the longest migration of any bird species relative to their body size! They breed as far south as Antarctica but regularly travel to all of the world’s oceans except the North Pacific and Arctic.
Spotting a Wilson’s Storm-Petrel in Costa Rica
While not a common sight at our mountain retreat, Wilson’s storm-petrels can be occasionally spotted off the Costa Rican Pacific Coast, particularly during the non-breeding season (roughly from April to September). Your best bet for encountering these incredible birds is to take a boat trip or join a pelagic birding tour.
Oceanic Acrobats
Watching a Wilson’s storm-petrel in action is a sight to behold. They glide effortlessly across the waves, their long legs sometimes pattering the water’s surface as they search for food. They also excel at a technique called “dipping,” where they momentarily dip their bill into the water to snatch up plankton and other tiny marine creatures.
A Symbol of Resilience
The Wilson’s storm-petrel is a testament to nature’s remarkable resilience. This tiny bird thrives in one of the harshest environments on Earth, braving the elements and undertaking incredible journeys. By learning more about these fascinating creatures, we gain a deeper appreciation for the wonders of the natural world, both on land and at sea.
So, the next time you visit Costa Rica, remember to look beyond the rainforests. The vast Pacific Ocean holds its own treasures, waiting to be discovered by those willing to venture out and explore!
For more information, please view our comprehensive guide about the birds of Costa Rica
