Here at our Costa Rican mountain retreat, we revel in the symphony of birdsong that fills the crisp morning air. But venture beyond our verdant haven towards the sun-drenched coasts, and a different avian spectacle awaits. Here, soaring above the turquoise expanse, you might encounter a majestic creature – the Royal Tern.

A Crown Jewel of the Sea

True to its name, the Royal Tern embodies elegance. With a wingspan reaching up to 44 inches, it’s one of the largest terns in the Americas. Its striking plumage is a captivating contrast of black and white. During breeding season, a regal black cap adorns its head, giving way to a whiter forehead in the non-breeding months. A bright orange bill with a black tip adds a vibrant touch, while the graceful, shaggy crest completes the picture of avian nobility.

Masters of the Marine Hunt

The Royal Tern isn’t just a pretty face; it’s a skilled aerial acrobat. With its sharp eyes scanning the ocean from high above, it dives with precision, snatching small fish from the water’s surface. Their hunting technique is a marvel to observe; they often plunge headfirst, wings tucked tight, leaving a trail of glistening spray in their wake.

Coastal Cousins and Finding Your Royal Flock

While you won’t find Royal Terns gracing our mountain skies, they are present along both the Pacific and Caribbean coasts of Costa Rica. Look for them near beaches, particularly where there are offshore structures or sandbars. They often congregate in large colonies with other tern species, creating a breathtaking ballet of white wings against the azure canvas.

Here are some prime locations to add Royal Tern spotting to your Costa Rican birding adventure:

• Golfo National Wildlife Refuge (Osa Peninsula): This protected area on the Pacific coast boasts diverse birdlife, with Royal Terns being regular visitors.
• Curu Wildlife Refuge (Nicoya Peninsula): Explore the beaches and estuaries of this refuge on the Pacific coast for a chance to see Royal Terns alongside other coastal birds.
• Tortuguero National Park (Caribbean Coast): This lush park offers a unique opportunity to spot Royal Terns alongside nesting sea turtles and a plethora of other avian residents.

Respecting the Royal Courtship

Royal Terns typically breed between April and August. During this time, they congregate in colonies on beaches or islands, establishing elaborate courtship rituals and fiercely defending their territories. It’s best to observe these colonies from a distance to avoid disturbing their nesting activities.

A Glimpse of Majesty

The Royal Tern is a captivating addition to Costa Rica’s rich tapestry of birdlife. From its regal appearance to its impressive hunting prowess, this magnificent creature embodies the majesty of the ocean. So, on your next Costa Rican adventure, venture towards the coast and keep your eyes peeled. With a bit of luck, you might just witness a breathtaking display by these royal visitors.

For more information, please view our comprehensive guide about the birds of Costa Rica