Deep within the emerald embrace of Costa Rica’s mountains, amidst the symphony of rustling leaves and cascading waterfalls, resides a tiny avian wonder – the Least Flycatcher. True to its name, this diminutive bird is the smallest member of the Empidonax flycatcher genus, measuring a mere 12-14 centimeters in length. Yet, despite its size, the Least Flycatcher packs a powerful punch of ecological significance and captivating charm.

A Master of Camouflage:

Spotting a Least Flycatcher can be a delightful challenge. Their plumage blends seamlessly with the surrounding foliage. Their upperparts are cloaked in a subtle olive-gray, while their underparts boast a slightly brighter, whitish hue. Two faint wing bars add a touch of definition, and their eyes are encircled by delicate white rings. This masterful camouflage allows them to blend effortlessly into the treetops, making them surprisingly difficult to spot, even for the most seasoned birder.

A Persistent Predator:

Despite their unassuming appearance, Least Flycatchers are relentless hunters. They perch on exposed branches, keeping a watchful eye on their surroundings. Their sharp vision allows them to detect the slightest movement, and with a lightning-fast flick of their wings, they launch themselves in pursuit of their prey. Their diet consists primarily of insects, including flies, beetles, wasps, and ants. They are also known to occasionally indulge in berries, adding a touch of sweetness to their predominantly insectivorous diet.

A Song of the Mountains:

While their visual identification might be a challenge, the Least Flycatcher readily reveals its presence through its vocalizations. Their song is a distinctive, high-pitched “chebec” call, often repeated in a rhythmic sequence. This characteristic call echoes through the mountain forests, serving as a beacon for birders and a serenade to the surrounding ecosystem.

Where to Find the Least Flycatcher:

The Least Flycatcher is a widespread species, found throughout North America and wintering in the tropics, including Costa Rica. In Costa Rica, they are most commonly encountered in the Central Valley region, particularly in mature deciduous forests and shade coffee plantations. Keep an eye out for them perched on branches in the mid-story of the forest, flitting amongst the leaves, or singing their melodic calls.

A Tiny Testament to Nature’s Grandeur:

The Least Flycatcher, though small in stature, plays a vital role in the intricate tapestry of Costa Rica’s mountain ecosystem. Their tireless insect-hunting helps to control populations and maintain the delicate balance of nature. As you explore the lush rainforests and verdant mountains of Costa Rica, keep your ears tuned for the “chebec” call and your eyes peeled for the flash of olive-gray amongst the leaves. You might just be rewarded with a glimpse of this remarkable little bird, a testament to the beauty and wonder that exists even in the smallest of creatures.

For more information, please view our comprehensive guide about the birds of Costa Rica

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